1. Sir Winston Churchill inspired millions with the line, "...[T]his was their finest hour." True or false: He was referring to World War II veterans who died for their countries.
2. One of the most famous speeches ever given in Mexico is known as the grito de Dolores (cry from Dolores). This 1810 speech was:

   A. Pancho Villa's cry of defiance toward the United States

   B. A sermon for Mexican independence

   C. The last words of rebel Emiliano Zapata

3. In 1860, an Italian patriot warned, "Women, cast away all the cowards from your embraces; they will give you only cowards for children ... " True or false: This dictum came from Italian general Giuseppe Garibaldi.
4. "The great questions of the time are not decided by speeches and majority decisions ... but by iron and blood." Which of the following men spoke these famous words?

   A. German chancellor Otto von Bismarck

   B. Statesman Klemens von Metternich

   C. Wilhelm I, King of Germany

5. French revolutionist Maximilien Robespierre urged people to "be generous toward the good, compassionate with the unfortunate..." True or false: Robespierre himself was judged leniently when he was later arrested.
6. "Deign to grant to Venezuela a government preeminently popular, preeminently just, permanently moral." What South American patriot made this speech in 1819?

   A. Simón Bolívar

   B. Bernardo O'Higgins

   C. José de San Martín

7. The term "New World Order" is not new. True or false: In 1947, Brazilian diplomat Oswaldo Aranha proclaimed, "The United Nations stands for the new order..."
8. During World War I, Cardinal Désiré Joseph Mercier lamented to his countrymen, "Today the hymn of joy dies on our lips." What country was he from?

   A. Austria

   B. Belgium

   C. The Netherlands

9. Sir John Macdonald gave many speeches supporting the Canadian federation. True or false: Macdonald became the first prime minister of Canada.
10. While on trial in 1964, Nelson Mandela gave a four-hour speech in his defense. Which of the following points were included?

    A. That he was not a Communist

    B. That he had fought against both white and black domination

    C. That many of his people were forced to live like serfs

    D. All of the above

Answers

1. False. He was referring to the British people, rallying them to support the war effort in 1940.
2. B. The sermon was given by Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, the parish priest of Dolores, Mexico, in 1810.
3. True.
4. A. Bismarck gave this speech in 1862 to a group of King Wilhelm's ministers. He became known as the Iron Chancellor.
5. False. Robespierre was executed by guillotine.
6. A. Bolívar gave this address in the town of Angostura, which has been renamed Ciudad Bolívar.
7. True. Aranha was a president of the United Nations General Assembly.
8. B. This line was from a sermon he delivered in occupied Brussels in 1916.
9. True.
10. D. Mandela spent more than twenty-seven years in prison. He quoted from this defense speech in another speech after his release in 1990.